01. To answer complaints about sessions dropping at the far end of a tenant floor, an engineer raised the transmit power of every access point radio to the highest level the regulatory profile allows. Clients at those far locations now display a much stronger signal than before, yet their sessions continue to drop. The access controller reports a high retry rate for exactly those clients, while stations nearer the access points are unaffected.
What is the most likely explanation?
a) The clients now hear the access point clearly, but their own transmit power is unchanged, so the uplink direction remains weak.
b) The stronger downlink lifted the far clients above the noise floor, so the retries must originate in the wired uplink or the switch path and not in the radio link.
c) The clients are holding a modulation rate above what the link supports, so rate adaptation oscillates and each step resets the session.
d) The wider cells created by the power increase overlap more, so co-channel contention is consuming airtime, slowing every station on the channel.
02. A maintenance engineer at a branch office is working through three unrelated wireless complaints. The team's standing practice is to isolate the affected layer from the symptom first, and only then to pick up a diagnostic tool.
Which three statements correctly pair an isolated fault with the tool that resolves it?
(Choose three.)
a) Repeated Block ACK and retry behaviour calls for a protocol analyser, because only a frame capture exposes the 802.11 exchange itself.
b) Sustained high channel utilisation calls for controller statistics alone, because the controller reports the duty cycle of a microwave oven or a video sender.
c) Any wireless complaint calls for a spectrum analyser first, because every symptom originates in the radio frequency layer and propagates upward from there.
d) An unidentified non-802.11 emitter calls for a protocol analyser, because the capture decodes its transmissions and names the device type.
e) A station stuck between association and authentication calls for controller and access point statistics, because they hold the per-client state and the RADIUS result.
f) Non-802.11 energy occupying the channel calls for a spectrum analyser, because it shows radio energy that no 802.11 receiver decodes or reports.
03. On a tenant floor, a single laptop sits at the far edge of one cell and is uploading a large archive. Its negotiated data rate is very low, but the transfer continues. Other stations associated to the same radio all show strong signal and had been performing well, yet their own transfers have slowed noticeably since the upload began. Channel utilisation reported by the access controller is close to saturation.
Which two statements explain what is happening?
(Choose two.)
a) The medium is shared and only one station transmits at a time, so the airtime the distant station holds is airtime that every other station associated to that radio has to wait for.
b) Acknowledgements to the distant station are returned at the rate negotiated by the faster stations, so the airtime cost falls on the access point or on its uplink rather than on the cell.
c) A frame carried at a low modulation rate occupies the channel for far longer than the same frame carried at a high rate, so the distant station consumes a large share of the airtime.
d) A low rate limits only the throughput of the station using it, so the slowdown seen by the others must originate on the wired uplink or in the controller's forwarding path.
e) Rate adaptation follows the transmit power of the access point and not the signal quality at the receiver, so raising that power would return the distant station to a high rate.
04. Reviewing an 802.11ax feature list, an engineer proposes enabling Target Wake Time for a fleet of battery-powered handheld terminals at a distribution site, expecting it to raise the throughput those terminals achieve.
What does Target Wake Time actually provide?
a) A longer beacon interval for power-saving stations, so buffered traffic accumulates and is delivered in fewer and larger bursts.
b) A negotiated schedule of wake times, so a station sleeps between its agreed service periods instead of listening continuously.
c) A negotiated rate floor applied at association, so a station resumes at the modulation rate it was using before it went to sleep.
d) A reserved group of resource units allocated to each scheduled station, so its frames avoid contention and its throughput rises.
05. Users on a tenant floor at a branch office report that file transfers have become slow, although the client utility shows a received signal of about -58 dBm at their desks. The access controller shows that the noise floor on that radio's channel has risen from roughly -93 dBm to about -73 dBm since new plant was energised on the floor below. Retry counts for those clients are high and their negotiated data rates have fallen.
What best explains the loss of throughput?
a) Automatic power assignment has reduced the radio's transmit power, so the cell has shrunk and the affected desks now sit at or beyond its usable edge.
b) The higher noise floor is a reading of co-channel interference from a neighbouring cell, so the stations are queuing for airtime, not losing link quality.
c) The signal-to-noise margin has narrowed to roughly 15 dB, leaving rate adaptation no option but slower, more robust modulation on every subsequent transmission attempt.
d) The received level of -58 dBm has fallen below the receive sensitivity of the client radios, so frames are lost before they can be demodulated.
06. A distribution site's 2.4 GHz radios were assigned channels by hand as the network grew. Several access points in the open floor area share channel 6, while two others near the shipping desk sit on channels 3 and 8. Users associated with the channel-6 radios describe transfers as slow but reliable. Users near the channel-3 and channel-8 radios see frequent retransmissions and sessions that drop outright.
Which two statements correctly describe the two conditions and their appropriate remedies?
(Choose two.)
a) The radios on channels 3 and 8 cause adjacent-channel interference, which corrupts frames and costs reliability; the remedy is the non-overlapping channel set 1/6/11 used throughout.
b) The radios sharing channel 6 corrupt one another's frames, because their transmissions overlap in frequency; raising transmit power or narrowing the channel width restores reliable delivery.
c) The radios sharing channel 6 cause co-channel interference, which costs capacity by forcing them to share airtime; the remedy is fewer co-channel radios or a reduction in cell size.
d) The radios on channels 3 and 8 are non-overlapping in most regulatory domains, so the retransmissions there indicate a wired uplink fault rather than a condition in the radio path.
e) Both conditions are the same airtime contention seen twice, so enabling RTS/CTS on every radio in the area resolves the capacity symptom and the reliability symptom together.
07. New FIT APs are being installed on a subnet that is routed away from the subnet holding the access controller, and no broadcast traffic passes between the two.
Which three discovery methods can still bring these APs to the controller in this topology?
(Choose three.)
a) Configuring the controller's IP address statically on each AP before it is installed at the site.
b) Publishing a controller name in DNS and letting each AP resolve that name to an address.
c) Delivering the controller's address to the APs through the option carried in their DHCP offer.
d) Letting the APs send a Layer 2 discovery broadcast for the controller to answer directly.
e) Relying on the controller to scan the remote subnet and push a configuration to each new AP.
f) Having each AP learn the controller's address from a neighbouring AP that has already registered.
08. In an AC plus FIT AP deployment the service configuration and the control plane are centralised on the controller, yet some 802.11 functions are still executed by the AP itself.
Which two functions must remain on the FIT AP because they cannot tolerate a round trip to the controller?
(Choose two.)
a) Acknowledging received unicast frames and retransmitting when the expected acknowledgement does not arrive.
b) Deciding which service templates and VLAN bindings each radio will advertise to associating clients.
c) Transmitting Beacon frames on the radio at the configured interval so the service stays visible.
d) Storing the service configuration locally so the AP can be replaced without any controller involvement.
e) Assigning the operating channel and transmit power used across a neighbouring group of APs.
f) Holding the authentication policy that decides whether a given client is admitted to the service.
09. During a design review for a multi-access-point tenant floor, the team asks how the access controller will control which radio each station uses, and writes that requirement into the acceptance criteria.
Which two statements should shape the response to that requirement?
(Choose two.)
a) The controller can influence the choice through band navigation, load balancing and minimum-signal thresholds, but the station makes the decision.
b) Withholding a probe response or declining an association is the firmest lever available, and it removes an option rather than dictating one.
c) Increasing transmit power on the preferred radio transfers the association, because stations invariably attach to the strongest, closest available signal.
d) The 802.11k and 802.11v amendments extend the controller's authority to select a target radio and complete the move for the station.
e) The controller can issue a directed handover instruction that a compliant station is obliged to execute at the moment it is received.
10. A lab holds a batch of headless test instruments with no supplicant software and no browser. An engineer proposes putting them on a dedicated SSID protected by MAC authentication alone.
Which two statements correctly assess that proposal?
(Choose two.)
a) Source addresses traverse every frame in clear text, so brief observation lets an attacker clone a permitted address.
b) Moving the instruments to a portal-authenticated SSID removes the weakness, since a captive page cannot be answered by a clone.
c) MAC authentication is equivalent to 802.1X once the addresses are held on the RADIUS server instead of a local list.
d) The SSID still requires encryption and a tightly scoped VLAN, since the address demonstrates nothing beyond itself.
e) MAC authentication derives a per-device key from the address, and frames on that SSID are then protected without a passphrase.